Epicureanism is a philosophical system founded by the ancient Greek philosopher Epicurus (341–270 B.C.). It focuses on the pursuit of happiness by achieving ataraxia (peace of mind) and aponia (absence of pain).
Basic assumptions of Epicureanism
- Pleasure as the highest good:
Epicureans believe that the true purpose of life is pleasure. However, they distinguish between physical and mental pleasures, advocating a life of moderate pleasures and avoiding excess that can lead to pain. - No pain:
Aponia, or the absence of physical pain, is said to be crucial to achieving happiness. Epicureans try to minimize pain through wise choices and a simple lifestyle. - Peace of mind:
Ataraxia, or peace, can be achieved by overcoming irrational fears, especially the fear of gods and death. Epicureans claim that the gods are indifferent to human affairs and that death is only a loss of consciousness and should not be feared. - Self-sufficiency:
Epicureans value self-sufficiency and often advocate a simple life. They believe that unnecessary desires and the pursuit of luxury can lead to unhappiness. - Friendship:
Friendship is highly valued in Epicureanism. Epicurus believed that friends provide mutual support, comfort, and security, contributing significantly to a happy life.
Principles in Epicureanism
The principles of the Epicureans are known as tetrapharmakos (fourfold medicine):
- Don’t be afraid of the gods.
- Don’t worry about death.
- What is good is easy to get.
- What is terrible is easy to bear.
Epicureanism in practice
The Epicureans created a philosophy of life that is characterized by certain practices. The most important of them are:
- Ethical living: Epicureans strive to live ethically, making choices that lead to long-term happiness rather than short-term satisfaction.
- Moderation and simplicity: by focusing on simple pleasures and avoiding excess, Epicureans strive to lead a balanced and fulfilling life.
- Philosophical reflection: encourages you to regularly reflect on your beliefs, desires and actions to maintain a clear understanding of what leads to true happiness.
Epicureanism had a lasting impact on Western thought, influencing later philosophical and ethical systems. Despite its historical roots, its focus on simplicity, rationality, and the pursuit of true happiness still appeals to many people. Taking conscious actions on the way to achieving life satisfaction is a timeless motif. Much has changed since Epicurus created this trend, but the need to experience happiness remains constant. It’s good to find your own way, but Epicurus’s assumptions can still provide some inspiration.
Thank you Eric 🙂